Extending the Technology Acceptance Model: A Context-Specific Scale for Digital Design Tools in China’s Art Education within the Creative Industry
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Abstract
This research fills the gap of employee acceptance of digital design tools (EADDT) by developing a context-specific measurement scale for China’s art education and creative industries. The scale was developed across three studies using a mixed-methods approach. Study 1 involved semi-structured interviews with 75 art educators and creative professionals, identifying eight acceptance factors including Compatibility with Creative Processes (CCP), Training and Support (TS), Organizational Culture and Environment (OCE), Intrinsic Motivation (IM), Technical Reliability and Functionality (TRF), Resistance to Change (RC). In Study 2, 212 participants were used to do exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to refine item structures. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of Study 3 (N = 526) provided strong model fit (SRMR = 0.052, NFI = 0.934) and robust psychometric properties (CR = 0.846–0.912; AVE = 0.524–0.627). Ultimately, a reliable 27-item EADDT scale is produced, which can be used to assess employees’ attitudes toward digital tools in design-based educational and professional contexts. The practical implications are in providing direction to organizational leaders and policymakers for designing training strategies, encouraging innovation cultures, and addressing resistance to digital transformation in the creative sector.
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